What is hay-fever?
Hay fever is caused by your immune system reacting unnecessarily to pollens. It is an allergic reaction to pollen produced by trees and grasses, causing inflammation of the lining of the nose. The allergic reaction is driven by histamine, a chemical produced by the body.
Trees can begin to produce pollen in late January and some grasses continue producing pollen until September, so depending on what you’re allergic to, the season can be many months but is usually worse between late March and September.
Symptoms of hay-fever:
Symptoms of hay fever include:
sneezing and coughing
a runny or blocked nose
itchy, red or watery eyes
itchy throat, mouth, nose and ears
loss of smell
pain around your temples and forehead
headache
earache
feeling tired
If you have asthma, you might also:
have a tight feeling in your chest
be short of breath
wheeze and cough
Hay fever will last for weeks or months, unlike a cold, which usually goes away after 1 to 2 weeks.
Hay-fever treatment:
There is no permanent cure for hay-fever, but you can do things to ease your symptoms when the pollen count is high.
put Vaseline around your nostrils to trap pollen
wear wraparound sunglasses to stop pollen getting into your eyes
shower and change your clothes after you have been outside to wash pollen off
stay indoors whenever possible
keep windows and doors shut as much as possible
vacuum regularly and dust with a damp cloth
buy a pollen filter for the air vents in your car and a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter
try to stay at home and avoid contact with other people if you have a high temperature or you do not feel well enough to do your normal activities
Avoid/do not:
cut grass or walk on grass
spend too much time outside
keep fresh flowers in the house
smoke or be around smoke – it makes your symptoms worse
dry clothes outside – they can catch pollen
let pets into the house if possible – they can carry pollen indoors
Medical treatments for hay-fever:
After taking steps to reduce your exposure to pollen, if your symptoms persist you will be advised with suitable over-the-counter medicines. These could be:
Antihistamines
Steroid nasal sprays
Decongestants
Treatment for eye symptoms
If symptoms persist, you could be suitable for immunotherapy.